Page 44 - Muzaffargarh Gazzetteer

or Butemar, and were as a rule recorded at the first regular settlement as
tenants with rights of occupancy.
2. Those tenants who had been put in, with or without a term being fixed by
proprietors, to cultivate land already cleared and fit for crops, were called
Charhayat. They were usually recorded as tenants without rights of
occupancy.
Mahsulkhor
It often occurred that an inferior proprietor agreed with a third person,
usually a village shopkeeper, that the latter should receive the mahsul, pay
the Government revenue out of it and keep profit or bear the loss. Such a
person was called a Mahsulkhor. This arrangement was very common before
the first regular settlement, but the class gradually vanished.
Lichhain
Lichhain meant a cultivator who tilled his land with borrowed bullocks and
paid the owner of the bullocks half of the Rahm, or cultivator's share.
Anwahnda
Anwahnda literally meant 'without working', i.e. the share of the produce
which a person connected with land received without working, or forewent
because he had not done work which by custom was incumbent on him. For
instance, A lent B money and, instead of getting interest in cash, received a
share of the produce. That share was called anwahnda because A got it
without working for it. When a landlord had cleared the jungle and brought
land under cultivation himself and then gave it to a tenant to cultivate, he
took an extra share of the produce because he had himself done the work
which the tenant should have done. Such share was called anwahnda
because the tenant did not do the work of clearing.
Lekha Mukkhi
Lekha Mukkhi was the name of a kind of usufructuary mortgage in vogue. A
debtor made over his land to a creditor until the debt was paid from the
produce of the land, or the debtor retained the cultivation and agreed to pay
the proprietor's share to the creditor. In both cases, the creditor charged the
interest of the debt and expenses against the debtor and credited him with
the produce of the land or with the proprietor's share until the debt was
liquidated.
Over the time, all the classes of tenants mentioned above have become
obsolete. The classes of tenants existing these days are as follows:
Tenants-at-Will
A tenant who occupies rental property with the landlord's consent and makes
rent payments without a written lease agreement is called a tenant-at-will.
Such a tenant can be evicted at any time by the landlord without any prior
notice.

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